● Ultra short, sulfhydryl and amino reactive heterobifunctional crosslinking reagent.^1,2

1.  May, J. M. (1989) Biochemistry 28, 1718.
2.  Sayre, L. M., et.al. (1984) J. Med. Chem. 27, 1325.

Storage 0-4 °C.

● Water soluble! 
● Derivatize Carboxy terminus or glutamic acid side chains of peptides, to maleimido-peptides with EDC·HCl.
● Introduce maleimide group into glycoproteins via Nakane¹ coupling.
● Used to interchange functional groups.

1. Nakane, P.K. (1975) Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 254, 203.

Storage 0-4 °C.

● Short, sulfhydryl and amino reactive heterobifunctional crosslinking reagent.^1,2
● Used to crosslink haptens to enzymes.³
● Wide application in immunodiagnostics.⁴

1.  Kitagawa, T. (1981) Enz. Immunoassay, 81.
2.  Tanimori, H., et.al. (1983) J. Immunol. Meth. 62, 123.
3.  Hashida, S., et.al. (1984) J. Appl. Biochem. 6, 56.
4.  Moroder, L., et.al. (1983) Biopolymers 22, 481.

Storage 0-4 °C.

● Heterobifunctional crosslinking reagent.
● Highly electrophilic leaving group enables direct labeling of cytosine.

Storage 0-4 °C.

● Sulfhydryl and amino reactive heterobifunctional crosslinking reagent.^1,2
● Introduces maleimide groups into IgM.³
● Used to prepare enzyme-hapen conjugates.⁴

1.  Keller, O., Rudinger, Z.J. (1975) Helv. Chim. Acta. 58, 531.
2.  Tanimori, H., et.al. (1983) J. Immunol. Meth. 62, 123.
3.  Fujiwara, K., et.al. (1988) J. Immunol. Meth. 112, 77-83.
4.  Moroder, L., et.al. (1983) Biopolymers 22, 481.

Storage 0-4 °C.

● Sulfhydryl and amino reactive heterobifunctional crosslinking reagent.¹
● Reagent useful for crosslinking to proteins.²
● Used to prepare site-specific glycosylation reagents for peptides and proteins.³

1.  Tanimori, H., et.al. (1981) J. Pharm. Dyn., 4, 812.
2.  Partis, M.D., et.al. (1983) J. Prot. Chem. 2, 263.
3.  Ni, J.; Singh, S.; Wang, L.X. (2003) Bioconjugate Chem. 14, 232-238.

Storage 0-4 °C.

● A C-6 chain extended analogue of EMCS.
● Crosslinks amino and sulfhydryl groups.

Storage 0-4 °C.

● Water soluble!
● Sulfhydryl and amino reactive heterobifunctional crosslinking reagent.¹
● Used to conjugate antisense morpholino oligomers to peptides.²

1.  Kitagawa, T., et.al. (1981) Chem. Pharm. Bull. 29, 1130.
2.  Moulton, H. M., Nelson, M. H., Hatlevig, S. A., Reddy, M. T., Iverson, P. L. (2004) Bioconjugate Chem. 15, 290-299.

Storage 0-4 °C.

● Water soluble!
● Quantitate reaction with amines by release of 2-nitro 4-sulfo phenol.¹
● Used to prepare a PEG-maleimide for pegylation of IL-2.²


1.  Aldwin, L., Nitecki, D. (1987) Anal. Biochem. 164, 494.
2.  Goodson, R. J., Katre, N. V. (1990) Bio/Technology 8, 343-346.

Storage 0-4 °C.

● Water soluble!  Solubility:  1 mg/ 50mL water.
● Sulfhydryl and amino reactive heterobifunctional crosslinking reagent.
● Used to configure bioluminescent enzyme immunoassays (BLEIA).¹

1.  Seto, Y.; Abe, K.; Itoh, M.; Sawai, H. (2002) Bioconjugate Chem. 13, 303-308.

Storage 0-4 °C.

● Sulfhydryl and amino reactive heterobifunctional crosslinking reagent.

Storage 0-4 °C.

● Sulfhydryl and amino reactive.
● Heterobifunctional crosslinking reagent with extended chain length of 20 atoms!

Storage 0-4 °C.

● Sulfhydryl and carbonyl  reactive heterobifunctional crosslinking reagent.¹
● Used to prepare thiol reactive, luminescent metal chelates.²

1.  Kitagawa, T., et.al. (1981) Chem. Pharm. Bull. 29, 1130.
2.  Ge, P.; Selvin, P.R. (2003) Bioconjugate Chem. 14, 870-876.

Storage 0-4 °C.

● Sulfhydryl and carbonyl  reactive heterobifunctional crosslinking reagent.
● Useful for preparing immunoconjugates of doxorubicin.¹

1.  Trail, P.A., et.al. (1993) Science, 261, 212-215.

Storage 0-4 °C.

● Sulfhydryl and carbonyl  reactive heterobifunctional crosslinking reagent.
● Introduces maleimide group into glycoproteins.
● Used to conjugate ligands to MoAb.¹

1.  Barth, R.F., et.al. (2004) Bioconjugate Chem. 15, 185-194.

Storage 0-4 °C.

● Sulfhydryl  reactive heterobifunctional crosslinking reagent.¹
● For preparing peptide-protein conjugates.²
● Used to prepare peptide tracers and peptide-protein conjugates.³
● Useful in targeted protein functionalization.⁴


1.  Rich, D. H., Gesellchen, P. D., Tong, A., Cheung, A., Buckner, C. K. (1975) J. Med. Chem. 18, 1004-1010.
2.  Moroder, L., et.al. (1983) BioPolymers 22, 481.
3.  Moroder, L., et.al. (1987) Hoppe-Seyler 368, 855.
4.  Meredith, G. D., Wu, H. Y., Allbritton, N. L. (2004) Bioconjugate Chem. 15, 969-982.

Storage 0-4 °C.

● Heterobifunctional crosslinking reagent.
● Modification reagent for thiol groups in proteins.^1,2
● Used to conjugate bleomycin.³

1.  Rich, D. H., Gesellchen, P. D., Tong, A., Cheung, A., Buckner, C. K. (1975) J. Med. Chem. 18, 1004-1010.
2.  Griffiths, D.G. et.al. (1981) FEBS Lett. 134, 261.
3.  Fujiwara, K., Ysuna, M., (1981) Cancer Res. 41, 4121.

Storage 0-4 °C.

● Sulfhydryl  reactive heterobifunctional crosslinking reagent.
● Widely used probe for introducing maleimide groups into biomolecules.
● Probe for thiol groups in proteins.^1,2

1.  Griffith, D.G., et.al. (1981) FEBS Lett. 134, 261.
2.  Keller, O., Rudinger, Z.J. (1975) Helv. Chim. Acta. 58, 531.

Storage 0-4 °C.

● Sulfhydryl  reactive heterobifunctional crosslinking reagent.¹
● For preparing peptide-protein conjugates.²

1.  Rich, D. H., Gesellchen, P. D., Tong, A., Cheung, A., Buckner, C. K. (1975) J. Med. Chem. 18, 1004-1010.
2.  Moroder, L., et.al. (1983) BioPolymers 22, 481.

Storage 0-4 °C.

● Sulfhydryl  reactive heterobifunctional crosslinking reagent.^1,2
● Cyclohexane ring stabilizes maleimide group.
● (Stable in 0.1 M phosphate, pH 7.0, 4 °C, 64 h.)²
● Conjugating anti-digoxin F(ab´)₂ fragments to b-galactosidase.³
● Conjugating hIgG to alkaline phosphatase.⁴
● Preparing immunogens.⁵

1.  Maham, D.G., et.al. (1987) Anal. Biochem. 162, 163-170.
2.  Yoshitake, S., et.al. (1979) Eur. J. Biochem. 101, 395-399.
3.  Freytag, J.W., et.al. (1984) Clin. Chem. 30(9), 1494-1498.
4.  Mahan, D. E., et.al. (1987) Anal. Biochem. 162, 163-170.
5.  Peeters, J.M., et.al. (1989) J. Immunol. Meth. 120, 133-143.

Storage 0-4 °C.

● Sulfhydryl  reactive heterobifunctional crosslinking reagent.^1,2
● Cyclohexane ring stabilizes maleimide group.
● (Stable in 0.1 M phosphate, pH 7.0, 4 °C, 64 h.)²
● Conjugating anti-digoxin Fab´ fragments to HRP via the hinge region.³
● Preparation of enzyme-antibody conjugates.⁴
● Water soluble!

1.  Maham, D.G., et.al. (1987) Anal. Biochem. 162, 163-170.
2.  Yoshitake, S., et.al. (1979) Eur. J. Biochem. 101, 395-399.
3.  Hashida, S., et.al. (1984) J. Applied Biochem. 6, 56-63.
4.  Samoszuk, M.K., et.al. (1989) Antibody Immunocon. Radiopharm. 2(1), 37-46.

Storage 0-4 °C.

● Sulfhydryl  and carbonyl reactive heterobifunctional crosslinking reagent.
● Glycoprotein reactive.
● Hydrazide group reacts with aldehydes to form stable hydrazone linkage.¹
● Cyclohexane ring stabilizes maleimide group.
● (Stable in 0.1 M phosphate, pH 7.0, 4 °C, 64 h.)²

1.  Chamow, S. M., et.al. (1992) J. Biol. Chem. 267(22), 15916-15922.
2.  Yoshitake, S., et.al. (1979) Eur. J. Biochem. 101, 395-399.

Storage 0-4 °C.

● Sulfhydryl  and carbonyl reactive heterobifunctional crosslinking reagent.
● Extended derivative of  SMCC.
● Cyclohexane ring stabilizes maleimide group.
● (Stable in 0.1 M phosphate, pH 7.0, 4 °C, 64 h.)¹

1.   Yoshitake, S., et.al. (1979) Eur. J. Biochem. 101, 395-399.

Storage 0-4 °C.

● Sulfhydryl and amino reactive heterobifunctional protein crosslinking reagent.¹

1.  Kitagawa, T., et.al. (1981) Chem. Pharm. Bull. 29, 1130.

Storage 0-4 °C.

● Water soluble analog of MBS-1.¹

1.  Aithal, H.N., et.al. (1988) J. Immunol. Meth. 112, 63-70.

Storage 0-4 °C.

● Sulfhydryl and amino reactive heterobifunctional protein crosslinking reagent.

Storage 0-4 °C.

(SVSB)
Succinimidyl-(4-vinylsulfonyl)benzoate
C₁₃H₁₁NSO₆; M_r=309.29

● Amino and sulfhydryl reactive heterobifunctional crosslinker.
● Hydrolytically stable vinylsulfone moiety!^1,2
● Unlike maleimides, michael addition to vinylsulfone does not produce stereoisomers.

1.  Morpurgo, M., et.al. (1996) Bioconjugate Chem. 7, 363-368.
2.  Masri, M.S., et.al. (1988) J. Protein Chem. 7, 49-54.

Storage 0-4 °C.

● Sulfhydryl and amino reactive heterobifunctional protein crosslinking reagent.
● Conjugating antibodies to b-galactosidase.¹
● Used to prepare antibody-toxin conjugates.²


1.  Weltman, J.K., et.al. (1983) Biotechniques 1, 148-152.
2.  Cumber, A. J., et. al. (1985) Methods in Enzymology Vol. 112, pp. 207-224.

Storage 0-4 °C.

● Sulfhydryl and amino reactive heterobifunctional protein crosslinking reagent.
● Water soluble analog of SIAB.
● Conjugating antibodies to b-galactosidase.¹

1.  Weltman, J.K., et.al. (1983) Biotechniques 1, 148-152.

Storage 0-4 °C.

● Sulfhydryl and hydroxyl reactive, heterobifunctional protein crosslinking reagent.
● For conjugation of b-estradiol, digitoxigenin, and vitamin B₁₂ hydroxyl.¹

1.  Palumbo, P.S., et.al. (1993) Bioconjugate Chem. 4, 212-218.

Storage 0-4 °C.

● Reacts with primary amines to add protected sulfhydryls.¹
● Thioacetyl group can be deprotected with 0.02 M hydroxylamine hydrochloride to render free sulfhydryl.
● Used to add thiol groups to rabbit polyclonal IgG.²
● Used to add a thiol group to Int 8.³

1.  Duncan, R.J.S., et.al. (1983) Anal. Biochem. 132. 68-73.
2.  Hermanson, G. T. (1996) Bioconjugate Techniques, Academic Press, p.62.
3.  Johnson, J.E., et. al. (2004) Bioconjugate Chem. 15, 807-813.

Storage 0-4 °C.

● Reacts with primary amines to add protected sulfhydryls.¹
● Extended analog of SATA.
● Thioacetyl group can be deprotected with 0.02 M hydroxylamine hydrochloride to render free sulfhydryl.²

1.  Duncan, R.J.S., et.al. (1983) Anal. Biochem. 132. 68-73.
2.  Fuji, N., Akaji, K., Hayashi, Y., Yajima, H. (1985) Chem. Pharm. Bull. 33, 362-367.

Storage 0-4 °C.

● Sulfhydryl and amino reactive heterobifunctional crosslinking reagent.
● Useful for preparing cyclic peptides, peptide conjugates, and polymers.¹

1.  Inman, J.K., et.al. (1991) Bioconjugate Chem. 2, 458-463.

Storage 0-4 °.

● Sulfhydryl and amino reactive heterobifunctional protein crosslinking reagent.^1,2
● Used to functionalize nanoparticles for application as MR contrast agents.³

1.  Eur. J. Biochem. (1984) 140, 63.
2.  Rector, E.S., Schwenk, R.J., Tse, K.S., Sehon, A., Chan, H.  (1978) J. Immun. Meth. 24, 321.
2.  Wunderbaldinger, P.; Josephson, L.; Weissleder, R. (2002) Bioconjugate Chem. 13, 264-268.

Storage 0-4 °C.

● Sulfhydryl and amino reactive heterobifunctional crosslinking reagent.¹
● Sulfhydryl selectivity at neutral or slightly alkaline pH is comparable to iodoacetamide, and perhaps greater than maleimide.²
● Useful in the preparation of thiol reactive, luminescent, lanthanide chelates.³

1.  Cuatrecasas, P., et.al. (1969) J. Biol. Chem. 244, 4316.
2.  Bernatowicz, M.S., et.al. (1986) Anal. Biochem. 155, 95.
3.  Ge, P., Selvin, P. R. (2004) Bioconjugate Chem. 15, 1088-1094.

Storage 0-4 °C.

● Sulfhydryl and amino reactive heterobifunctional crosslinking reagent.¹
● Crosslinking to alkaline phosphatase.²

1.  Martin, F. J., et.al. (1982) J. Biol. Chem. 257, 286-288.
2.  Teale, J.M., et.al. (1986) J. Mol. Cell Immunol. 2, 283-292.

Storage 0-4 °C.

● Amino reactive heterobifunctional crosslinking reagent.^1,2
● Useful derivative for conjugating angiotensin to its receptor.³

1.  Kraehenbuhl, J.P., et.al. (1974) J. Exptl. Med. 139, 208.
2.  Tijssen, P., et.al. (1974) Viral Immunodiagnosis p. 125, Acad. Press.
3.  Galardy, R.E., et.al. (1978) J. Med. Chem. 21, 1279.

Storage 0-4 °C.

● Sulfhydryl amination reagent.¹
● Used to conjugate Mitomycin C to Folic acid.²
● Wide use in diagnostics, and conjugation chemistry.  Water soluble!
● Quantitate thiol groups by the release of 2-thiopyridone l_max=343 nm.  e=8,080 M^-1 cm^-1.

1.  Johnson, R.J., et.al. (1985) J. Biol. Chem. 260, 7161-7164.
2. Christopher P. Leamon, et.al. (2005) Bioconjugate Chem 16, 803-811.

Storage 0-4 °C.

● Sulfhydryl reactive photocrosslinking reagent.^1,2
● Generates photoactivatable conjugates from thiols.³
● Photoactivation occurs at 350 nm.

1.  Agarwal, R., et.al. (1991) J. Biol. Chem. 266, 2272.
2.  Leszyk, J., et.al. (1988) Biochemistry 27, 6983.
3.  Tao, T., et.al. (1984) Biophys. J. 45, 261.

Storage 15-25 °C.

● Amino reactive photocrosslinking reagent.¹
● Converts amines into photoaffinity probes or surface modification reagents.²

1.  Rajasekharan, K.N., et.al. (1991) Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 288, 584.
2.  Parker, J.M.R., et.al. (1985) J. Protein Chem. 3, 479.

Storage 0-4 °C.

● Sulfhydryl reactive photocrosslinking reagent. 
● Useful for conjugating to carbohydrates,¹ or mapping myosin structure.²
● Used to crosslink chymotrypsin with unusually high efficiency (~100%).³

1.  Hall, L.D., Yalpani, M. (1980) Carbohydrate Res. 78, C4.
2.  Lu, R.C., Wong, A. (1989) Biochemistry 28, 4826.
3.  Campbell, P., Gioannini, T.L. (1979) Photochem. Photobiol. 29, 883.

Storage 0-4 °C.

● Sulfhydryl and amino reactive heterobifunctional protein crosslinking reagent.^1,2
● Protein thiolation reagent.¹
● Tethering to artificial membranes.²
● Preparing antibody-toxin conjugates.³
● Hapten preparation.⁴
● Sulfhydryl modification can be followed by release of 2-thiopyridone, l_max=343 nm.  e=8,080 M^-1 cm^-1.

1.  Carlsson, J., et.al. (1978) Biochem. J. 173, 723-737.
2.  Walden, P., et.al. (1986) J. Mol. Cell Immunol. 2, 191-197.
3.  Cumber, A.J., et.al. (1985) Meth. Enzymol. 112, 207-225.
4.  Gordon, R.D., (1978) PNAS 84, 308-312.

Storage 0-4 °C.

● Sulfhydryl and carbohydrate reactive derivative of SPDP.   DTT or TCEP cleavable.
● Useful for preparing carbohydrate linked immunoconjugates.¹
● Conjugating antibodies to nerve growth factor (NGF).²

1.  Zara, J.J., et.al. (1991) Anal. Biochem. 194, 156-162.
2.  Friden, P.M., (1993) Science 159, 373-378.

Storage 0-4 °C.

● Sulfhydryl and amino reactive heterobifunctional protein crosslinking reagent.
● Extended analog of SPDP with similar properties and uses.¹

1. Carlsson, J., et.al. (1978) Biochem, J. 173, 723-737.

Storage 0-4 °C.

● Sulfhydryl and amino reactive heterobifunctional protein crosslinking reagent.
● Extended analog of SPDP with similar properties and uses¹
● Water soluble!

1. Carlsson, J., et.al. (1978) Biochem, J. 173, 723-737.

Storage 0-4 °C.

● Amino reactive heterobifunctional crosslinking reagent with latent hydrazino group.
● Modification of chromatographic supports.¹
● Hydrazino unmasked with TFA, HCl, or formic acid.

1.  Millington, C.R., et.al. (1998) Tet Lett. 39, 7201.

Storage 0-4 °C.

● Amino reactive heterobifunctional crosslinking reagent with latent hydrazino group.
● Hydrazino unmasked with TFA, HCl, or formic acid.

Storage 0-4 °C.

● Water soluble!  Amino reactive thiolation reagent.^1,2,3
● An effective RNA-protein crosslinking reagent.⁴
● Thiolation reagent for polysaccharides.⁵

1.  Traut, R., et.al. (1973) Biochemistry 12, 3266.
2.  Jue, R., et.al. (1978) Biochemistry 17, 5399-5405.
3.  Kenny, J.W., et.al. (1979) Meth. Enzymol. 59, 534.
4.  Wower, L., et.al (1981) Nucleic Acids Res. 9, 4285.
5.  Alagon, C.A., et.al. (1980) Biochemistry 19, 4341.

Storage 0-4 °C.

● Reacts with primary amines to add protected sulfhydryls.¹
● Thioacetyl group is deprotected with 0.02 M hydroxylamine hydrochloride to release free sulfhydryl.

1.  Klotz, I.M.; Heiney, R.E. (1962) Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 96, 605-612.

Storage 0-4 °C.

● Amino reactive tether with protected amino group.
● Amino group unmasked at pH 7.8-8.1, phosphate buffer (usually 25 °C/15-20 min.).

Storage 0-4 °C.

● Amino reactive tether with protected amino group.
● Amino group unmasked with formic acid (25 °C/20 min).

Storage 0-4 °C.

● Sulfhydryl and amino reactive heterobifunctional crosslinking reagent.¹

1.  Brinkley, M. (1992) Bioconjugate Chem. 3, 2.

Storage 0-4 °C.

● Amino reactive with latent carboxylate group.
● Carboxyl unmasked at pH 9.5, phosphate buffer.

Storage 0-4 °C.